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1 Griffith, Alan Arnold
[br]b. 13 June 1893 London, Englandd. 13 October 1963 Farnborough, England[br]English research engineer responsible for many original ideas, including jet-lift aircraft.[br]Griffith was very much a "boffin", for he was a quiet, thoughtful man who shunned public appearances, yet he produced many revolutionary ideas. During the First World War he worked at the Royal Aircraft Factory, Farnborough, where he carried out research into structural analysis. Because of his use of soap films in solving torsion problems, he was nicknamed "Soap-bubble".During the 1920s Griffith carried out research into gas-turbine design at the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE; as the Royal Aircraft Factory had become). In 1929 he made proposals for a gas turbine driving a propeller (a turboprop), but the idea was shelved. In the 1930s he was head of the Engine Department of the RAE and developed multi-stage axial compressors, which were later used in jet engines. This work attracted the attention of E.W. (later Lord) Hives of Rolls-Royce who persuaded Griffith to join Rolls-Royce in 1939. His first major project was a "contra-flow" jet engine, which was a good idea but a practical failure. However, Griffith's axial-flow compressor experience played an important part in the success of Rolls-Royce jet engines from the Avon onwards. He also proposed the bypass principle used for the Conway.Griffith experimented with suction to control the boundary layer on wings, but his main interest in the 1950s centred on vertical-take-off and -landing aircraft. He developed the remarkable "flying bedstead", which consisted of a framework (the bedstead) in which two jet engines were mounted with their jets pointing downwards, thus lifting the machine vertically. It first flew in 1954 and provided much valuable data. The Short SC1 aircraft followed, with four small jets providing lift for vertical take-off and one conventional jet to provide forward propulsion. This flew successfully in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Griffith proposed an airliner with lifting engines, but the weight of the lifting engines when not in use would have been a serious handicap. He retired in 1960.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsCBE 1948. FRS 1941. Royal Aeronautical Society Silver Medal 1955; Blériot Medal 1962.BibliographyGriffith produced many technical papers in his early days; for example: 1926, Aerodynamic Theory of Turbine Design, Farnborough.Further ReadingD.Eyre, 1966, "Dr A.A.Griffith, CBE, FRS", Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society (June) (a detailed obituary).F.W.Armstrong, 1976, "The aero engine and its progress: fifty years after Griffith", Aeronautical Journal (December).O.Stewart, 1966, Aviation: The Creative Ideas, London (provides brief descriptions of Griffith's many projects).JDS -
2 Aerospace
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Caproni, Giovanni BattistaDassault, MarcelGiffard, Baptiste Henry JacquesJohnson, Clarence LeonardKorolov, Sergei PavlovichSopwith, Sir Thomas Octave MurdochTsiolkovsky, Konstantin Eduardovich -
3 Steam and internal combustion engines
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Giffard, Baptiste Henry JacquesHamilton, Harold LeePorta, Giovanni Battista dellaBiographical history of technology > Steam and internal combustion engines
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Alan Arnold Griffith — (13 June 1893 ndash; 13 Oct 1963) was an English engineer, who, among many other contributions, is best known for his work on stress and fracture in metals that is now known as metal fatigue, as well as being one of the first to develop a strong… … Wikipedia
Alan Arnold Griffith — (* 13. Juni 1893 in London; † 13. Oktober 1963) war ein britischer Ingenieur, der besonders wegen seiner Arbeiten zur Materialermüdung (1920) und über Strahlturbinen (1926) bekannt wurde. Er arbeitete von 1939 bis 1960 als Leiter der… … Deutsch Wikipedia
GRIFFITH — UNITED KINGDOM (see also List of Individuals) 13.6.1893 London/UK 13.10.1963 Farnborough/UK Alan Arnold Griffith was much a boffin , for he was a quiet, thoughtful man who shunned public appearances, yet he produced revolutionary ideas. During… … Hydraulicians in Europe 1800-2000
Griffith — ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Alan Arnold Griffith (1893−1963), britischer Ingenieur Anastasia Griffith (* 1978), britische Schauspielerin Andy Griffith (* 1926), US amerikanischer Schauspieler, Schriftsteller und Produzent Arthur… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Griffith (surname) — Family name name =Griffith imagesize= caption= meaning = lord with a (?)strong grip region =Wales origin =Welsh related names =Gruffydd, Griffiths footnotes = Griffith is a surname of Welsh origin which derives from the given name Gruffudd. The… … Wikipedia
Griffith — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Sommaire 1 Patronyme 2 Toponymes 3 … Wikipédia en Français
Critère de Griffith — Le critère de Griffith (d après Alan Arnold Griffith (en)) désigne une contrainte maximale au delà de laquelle un matériau fragile se rompt. La valeur de cette contrainte seuil s exprime en fonction du module d élasticité du matériau et de l … Wikipédia en Français
Liste der Biografien/Gri — Biografien: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q … Deutsch Wikipedia
Liste bekannter Ingenieure — Siehe auch: Liste von Erfindern, Liste der Biographien, Kategorie:Ingenieur, Erfinder, Konstrukteur, Liste Persönlichkeiten der Elektrotechnik A Ingenieur Lebensdaten Erfindungen, Leistungen, ingenieurwissenschaftliche Tätigkeiten Roman Abt… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Гриффит — фамилия валлийского происхождения от личного мужского имени Gruffydd. Гриффит, Алан Арнолд (англ. Alan Arnold Griffith, 1893 1963) английский инженер. Гриффит, Артур (1871 1922) ирландский революционер и политик, лидер партии «Шинн Фейн».… … Википедия
Westinghouse J81 — Das Rolls Royce RB.82 Soar (ursprünglich Soar RSr.2, später Rolls Royce RB.93 ) war ein Turbinenstrahltriebwerk in axialer Bauweise des britischen Herstellers Rolls Royce. Es stellte einen Meilenstein in der Entwicklung von Antrieben mit hohem… … Deutsch Wikipedia
